Calloway county is in the Jackson Purchase region of Kentucky. The elevation in the county ranges from 359 to 640 feet above sea level.
It was formed in 1823 from Hickman county. Calloway county was a source of Marshall (1842) county. The county seat is Murray.
In 2020 the county population was 37,103 in a land area of 385.02 square miles, an average of 96.4 people per square mile.
The equine population was 1,900 in the 2012 Kentucky Equine Survey.
Calloway county is in the Murray micro statistical area and the Purchase Area Development District.
Calloway county was named to honor Colonel Richard Callaway, an early settler who was killed at Boonesborough. The reason for the change in spelling isn't known.
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